The American Revolution

History 1020 with Day at Auburn University

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By: Samantha Speed
Created: 2012-01-28
Size: 86 flashcards
Views: 17

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George III

drove american colonies out of the empire; insisted on the sovereignty of parliament.

porphyria

Periodic bouts of insanity – due to this disease

Frederick

George III's father

George II

Frederick's father

Frederick

Caroline and George II had ___

George III

became king at 12

War of Austrian Succession

started as a drama over smuggling into spain (colonial problems can develop into greater issues)

The 7 Years War

begins as french and indian war and develops into global war.

Britain emerges as undisputed control of north america east of ms river

Why was Seven Years War significant?

canada and parts of india

What did france lose after 7 years war?

War of Spanish Succession

fought over the possible unification of the Kingdoms of Spain and France under one monarch

George Grenville

new PM says they’ll only enforce the law they already had; in particular law on customs (trade)

Royal Proclamation at 1763

—Western Limit of British Settlement at Appalachian Mountains

—National Debt (£140 million) rose

—Wanted Colonists to Help Pay for Their Own Defense

—Consequences of Seven Years War

(—Grenville Did Not Seek to Have Americans Pay Any of the Annual Debt)

Sugar Act of 1764

—Reduced the Duty on Foreign Molasses Imported into the Colonies

Sugar Act of 1764

—Reduced the Molasses Duty but There Were Stricter Customs Controls & Efforts to Stop Smuggling

Stamp Act (passed 1765)

—Extended the British Stamp Act to America

Stamp Act (1765)

—Imposed Fees on Legal Papers, Newspapers, Customs Documents, Diplomas, Advertisements, Dice, Playing Cards, Licenses, etc.

—Colonists Unhappy about the Proclamation Line

—Complained the Sugar Act took away their property without their consent

Reactions to the Stamp Act

‘No Taxation Without Representation'

What was the slogan of the Stamp Act riots?

—Boycott of British Goods

What did the Stamp Act riots lead to?

they are represented just like the cities that don’t have members of parliament voted in

What does it mean that the Colonies were Virtually Represented in Parliament?

—Denied the Most Crucial Element of the British constitution—the Sovereignty of Parliament

When colonists Rejected the Will of Parliament They

the Sovereignty of Parliament

What is the Most Crucial Element of the British constitution?

—British Rights

Reached Across the Atlantic but

Not British Jurisdiction

What did colonists agree about british rights and jurisdiction?

Charles Watsono-Wentworth

Grenville (PM) lost his job to

Watson-Wentworth

— the Marquess of Rockingham

Watson - Wentworth

—Repealed the Stamp Act (1766)

declaratory act

act After stamp act

declaratory act of 1766

—Insisted Parliament Had the Authority to Legislate for the Colonies

legislate

pass laws (including tax)

Earl of Chatham

Rockingham dies and is replaced with

Charles Townshend

Chatham's Mental Stability gave out in 1767 & the lead was taken by

townshends acts

placed —Duties on the Importation into the Colonies of Glass, Lead, Paints, Paper, & Tea

colonial opposition

Renewed boycott of british goods

repeals townshend acts (1770)

Insignificant amount of money was being collected so parliament ___ except for the one on tea. (symbol of british authority)

Boston Massacre (March 1770)

Colonists saw the extra troops in boston to help enforce the remaining laws as another attempt to deprive them of their liberty so they had the ___

Frederick Lord North

(PM thruout the entirety of american revolution).

—Tea Act of 1773

FLN passed this to help east india co. (allowed them to ship their surplus to the americas)

The Tea Act

maintained what the colonists saw as the unacceptable principle that Britain could tax goods imported into the colonies

December 16, 1773

When was the boston tea party?

number of repressive laws (the intolerable acts

Parliaments response to tea party

intolerable acts

boston harbor blockaded until tea is reimbursed and til they reimbursed parliament of the tax they would have made.

Quebec Act

– set up govt of former french colony with only an appointed council; gave special recognition to catholocism; extends former french province into ohio valley

quebec act

New model for british colonial administration

quebec act

would lead them to strip the colonials of their elected assemblies, and promote catholocism instead of protestants, and would stop the colonists from spreading west, and Non representative colonial institutions

how americans saw quebec act

—an

Attempt to Stop Western Expansion,

to sponsor the spread of popery, &

to establish non-representative

colonial institutions

1st continental congress

Gathered in philidelphia to discuss collective efforts to defend colonial rights

1st continental congress

—Representatives of 12 Colonies

—Independence Still too Extreme

jefferson

believed parliament had no supremacy over colonists

Concord and Lexington (1775

where was the first fighting of am. rev?

General Thomas Gage

gov. of massachusetts; seizes amunition at bunker hill

Battle of Bunker Hill

1500 colonists hold off the british but run out of amo so the british win.

—(June 17, 1775)

1st continental congress

– did not meet for independence

—Second Continental Congress (May 1775)

create continental army;

olive branch petition

compromise for peace; *asks king to deal with colonial grievances and to treat the colonial assemblies as co= with parliament.

john adams confiscated letter

war is inevitable; should already be building navy and capturing british officials.

olive branch petition

King rejects what petition and declares them to be in rebellion

colonial animosity

mad at parliament but united under the crown

1776 – thomas paine

publishes common sense;

common sense

most successful political work; reflects the influence of the enlightenment

Jean Jacques Rousseau's

draws from his idea of social contract that exists between the ruler and the governed.

john locke

the govt receives their just powers from the consent of the ppl (the rt to rule comes from consent of governed).

thomas paine

Colonies should break from Britain entirely. Break with king along with parliament; the american faith in monarchy is entirely unjustified and the crown stood as source of arbitrary power/govt. Law should be king.

paine

helps convince 2nd CC to adopt Dec. of Independence

—(July 4, 1776)

Declaration of Independence

statement of natural rights

—Explained why Americans Believed their Consent to be governed had been violated & they therefore dissolved the “original contract”

of government with

Britain

declaration of independence

—Explored a Contradiction Between Sovereignty of Parliament (which Britain chose) and the Consent of the Governed (which America chose)

declaration of independence

—Declared the Equality of All People, Based on “Inalienable Rights" and That the Authority of Government stems from the Consent of the Governed

declaration of independence

—Asserted that When Governments

Violate the “Unalienable Rights" to “Life,

Liberty, & the Pursuit of Happiness"

of Their People, the Latter had the

Right to Rebel

problems faced by the british

—underestimated the Difficulty of Waging War in Hostile Territory an Ocean Away

—

British government thought their role was to assist the loyal colonists (whose numbers they overestimated) to overcome the disloyal ones

—

Too few British troops to fight a war over a considerable territory

general richard howe

begins to negotiate with colonials because hes not getting any help from the british. (they refuse to negotiate).

general W Howe

capture NY in 1776

General John Burgoyne

comes south from canada towards NY; outnumbered near saratoga NY on Oct 17, 1777

burgoyne outnumbered near saratoga NY

Oct 17, 1777

feb 1778

The french come into alliance with the americans in ___

providing military loans and harass british navy

France in the East Indies,

West Indies, and America

(1778-on)

Spain

dutch republic

british also fighting in 1178 and 79 and 80

war with the dutch

also to protect baltic trade (not only supplying americans with war supplies)

russia, sweden, prussia, portugal, and denmark

Facing refusal of ___ to stop trading with the american colonies

(October 19, 1781)

Lord Cornwallis surrenders at Yorktown to a combined american and french troops

Lord North

pm that finally resigns in 1782 and the finally recognize the independence of the american colonies

1783

Britain Recognizes the Independence of the American Colonies

Treaty of Versailles 1783

ends war (AM REV). Grants independence. Gave america all land from apps to mississippi river

treaty of versailles 1783

—French Won Only a Few West Indian Islands, Plus Dakar and Senegal in West Africa

Treaty of Versailles 1783

—SPain got Florida & Minorca

Treaty of VErsailles 1783

—Britain kept Gibraltar, Canada, & the Newfoundland fisheries

—Britain Kept the Trans-Appalachian West Out of French Hands

About this deck

By: Samantha Speed
Created: 2012-01-28
Size: 86 flashcards
Views: 17

About StudyBlue

“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy