The Brainstem
Anatomy & Physiology 19 with Jaworski at University of Vermont
About this deck
By: Emily Mandara
Created: 2010-11-05
Size: 18 flashcards
Views: 23
Created: 2010-11-05
Size: 18 flashcards
Views: 23
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The Brainstem
- Links the spinal cord to the cerebellum
- Contains the control center for blood pressure, heart rate, respiration, pupil diameter, and digestion
- Contains cranial nerves for sensory and motor control of the head and neck
- Contains additional cranial nerves for hearing, balance, taste, and vision
- Maintains consciousness- Cannot live without
- Includes the midbrain (mesencephalon), pons (metencephalon), and medulla oblongata (myencephalon)
- Dorsal is sensory and ventral is motor (where cranial nerves show)
Midbrain- Mesencephalon
- Cranial nerves- III, IV
- Reticular activation system- maintains consciousness
- Substantia nigra- makes dopamine containing neurons that are part of the basal ganglia
- Cerebral peduncles- cortex of motor axons going to the spinal cord, brainstem cranial nerve nuclei, pons, olivary nucleus
- Red nucleus- innervates upper extremity flexors.
- Superior Colliculi- vision, info from lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus
- Inferior Colliculi- sound, sends info to medial geniculate nucleus of thalamus
Reticular activation system
- Maintains consciousness
- Part of the Midbrain (Mesencephalon)
Substantia Nigra
- Makes dopamine containing neurons that are part of the basal ganglia
- Involved in movement, drug cravings, and psychosis
- Die in Parkinson's disease
- Part of the Midbrain (Mesencephalon)
Red Nucleus
- Innervates the upper extremity flexor muscles
- Part of the Midbrain (Mesencephalon)
Tectum ("roof") of the Midbrain
- Superior Colliculi- visual tracking of objects, receives info from lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus (LGN)
- Inferior Colliculi- auditory localization, sends info to medial geniculate nucleus of thalamus (MGN)
- Part of Midbrain (Mesencephalon)
Cerebellar Peduncles- 2 inputs, 1 output
- Axons linking the cerebellum and the brainstem
- Cortex of motor axons going to the spinal cord, brainstem cranial nerve nuclei, pons (then to cerebellum), olivary nucleus
- INFERIOR (ICP)- input: unconscious proprioception and info from olivary nerves (motor learning)
- MIDDLE (MCP)- input: motor info from cortex for coordination and forms the fibers that give the pons its shape
- SUPERIOR (SCP)- output: to red nuclei and thalamus to correct motor actions
- Part of Midbrain (Mesencephalon)
Pons- Metencephalon
- Cranial nerves- V, VI, VII, VIII
- Trigeminal Nucleus- sensation from the face
- Nuclei is involved with respiration
- Tracts= Descending motor axons from cortex and red nucleus (in midbrain) and ascending sensory axons from body and face (white matter)
Trigeminal Nucleus
- Cranial Nerve V
- Sensation (not pain) from the face
Medulla Oblongata- Myencephalon
- Cranial nerves VIII, IX, X, XI, XII (8-12)
- Includes Autonomic nucleus and Solitary nucleus
- Olivary nerves (olive)- motor learning
- Pyramids- Where corticospinal tract (carries descending motor info) crosses to opposite side of body- carries ascending motor info to opposite side of body
- Nucleus Gracilis- innervates leg
- Nucleus Cuneatus- innervates arm
- Trigeminal Nucleus- pain and temperature from face
Autonomic Nucleus
- Cardiovascular centers
- Respiratory rhythmicity centers
- Vomiting centers
- Part of the Medulla Oblongata (Myencephalon)
Solitary Nucelus
- Receives visceral sensory information
- Part of the Medulla Oblongata (Myencephalon)
Olivary Nerves
- Motor learning
- Part of the Medulla Oblongata (Myencephalon)
Pyramids
- Where corticospinal tract (carries descending motor info) crosses to opposite side of body
- Part of the Medulla Oblongata (Myencephalon)
Nucleus Gracilis
- Leg
- Sensory info from body (except pain & temperature) crosses after synapsing here before going to the thalamus
- Part of the Medulla Oblongata (Myencephalon)
Nucleus Cuneatus
- Arm
- Sensory info from body (except pain & temperature) crosses after synapsing here before going to the thalamus
- Part of the Medulla Oblongata (Myencephalon)
Trigeminal Nucleus
- Pain and temperature from the face
- Part of the Medulla Oblongata (Myencephalon)
QUESTIONS?!??
where is raphe nuclei?
where is locus cerulis?
where is locus cerulis?
About this deck
By: Emily Mandara
Created: 2010-11-05
Size: 18 flashcards
Views: 23
Created: 2010-11-05
Size: 18 flashcards
Views: 23
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy
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