The Renaissance
AP European History with Rodriguez at Encinal High School
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Renaissance on the Italian Peninsula
- Constantinople had been captured by Turks in 1453, which cut trade routes to East. Greek scholars fled to Italy with their classical knowledge and materials. ("end" of Middle Ages, "beginning" of Renaissance)
1st country to break with the Church
England
(Henry VIII broke from the Catholic Church to divorce and remarry)
# of City States in Italy
12
The 3 Humanist Principles
- individual worth (improving humans through study)
- strong commitment to public science
- development of skills and talents
Family
- Patriarchal (men in charge)
- daughters marry in mid-teens to benefit both families
- sons not independent until their 20s or 30s
Medici Family
- ruling family of Grand Duchy of Tuscany
- "despots" or dictators
Humanism
- "new learning"; "civilized"
- emphasize humans, their abilities & achievements
Quattrocento
15th Century
Giovanni De'Medici
- founder of Medici dynasty
- became a banker by ignoring Church's teachings --> provided funds for a changing economy
Cosimo De'Medici
- used family fortune for politics
Lorenzo De'Medici
- aka "Lorenzo the Magnificant"
- excellent diplomat who balanced power
- great patron of the arts
- banking family that refused the pope --> the pope ordered him killed, but the assassination attempt failed
The Borgias
- Spanish family
- used bribery, torture, murder, blackmail
- Rodrigo Borgias becomes Pope, marries of children to powerful families
Secularism
non-religious
Renaissance Art
- Secularism (focuses on present, not afterlife)
- Classics (inspired by Ancient Greece and Rome
- Individualism (learning human affairs)
- Power (exploration, planning, music, map making)
Painting
- humanistic ideals
- realistic figures in unnatural backgrounds
- science taught art linear perspective
Botticelli
- great artist supported by Lorenzo Medici
- works show use of classical subject matter and the effect of motion (Renaissance techniques)
"Fresco"
"fresh", type of natural painting
'
"Chiaroscuro"
painting use of light and shadow
"Geography is Destiny"
the rich lands of Italy were an advantage because richer soil means more CA$H MONEY
Individualism
focusing on the human individual
Despots
dictators
Machiavelli
author of "The Prince" - ideas of how a monarch should rule
The Renaissance
1350-1450
Sfumato
painting style "without lines or borders, in the manner of smoke or beyond the focus plane."- da Vinci
Boticelli
- supported by the patronage of Lorenzo the Magnificent.
- friend of both Michelangelo & da Vinci
- principal painter of the Medici family.
- His works represent Renaissance style - use of classical subject matter and in the effect of motion that he achieves.
- famous works: Primavera and The Birth of Venus were created for the home of the Medicis
The "Virtruvian Man"
Drawing by Leonardo da Vinci
The School of Fontainebleu
- artists at Francis I's palace
- group of artists decorated the royal palace
- characterized by refined elegance, lots of elaborate stuff
- work incorporated allegory
Albrecht Dürer
- greatest of German artists
- a scholar
- a scientist
- self-conscious individualism
- his patron was Emperor Maximilian I
Petrarch
father of Humanism
Education
- spurred by humanism
- founded schools for girls and boys
Women
- denied all political rights
- Christine de Pisan
- Isabella D'Este
- Lucrezia Borgia
Isabella D'Este
- First Lady of the World
- a diplomat; a writer
- established girls schools
Major City-States
- Florence
- Milan
- Venice
- Naples
- Papal States (Rome)
About this deck
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj
Naj