Toxicology Part 2
Clinical Laboratory Science Mmbio 423 with Zundel at Brigham Young University
About this deck
By: Kristin Detro
Textbook:
Clinical Laboratory Chemistry
Created: 2011-11-03
Size: 143 flashcards
Views: 5
Textbook:
Clinical Laboratory ChemistryCreated: 2011-11-03
Size: 143 flashcards
Views: 5
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj
Naj
Sign up (free) to study this.
What are two examples of short acting barbiturates?
secobarb and pentobarb
What is the time frame for a ultrashort acting barbiturate?
10-15 min
What are two examples of ultrashort acting barbiturates?
hexobarb and thiopental
What is the street name for phenobarbital?
purple hearts
What is the street name for amobarbital?
blue heaven
What is the street name for pentobarbital?
yellow jackets
What is the street name for secobarbital?
red birds
What is the street name for secobarbital combined with amobarbital?
rainbows or christmas trees
What do most of these street names come from?
the color of the pills
What is purple hearts?
phenobarbital or Luminal
What is blue heaven?
amobarbital or Amytal
What is yellow jackets?
pentobarbital or Nembutal
What is red birds?
secobarbital or Seconal
What is rainbows or christmas trees?
secobarbital combined with amobarbital
What are the trade names of the 6 tranquilizers/sedatives?
Miltown, Valium, Librium, Quaalude, Doriden, Noludar
What are the generic names of the 6 tranquilizers/sedatives?
meprobamate, diazepam, chlordiazepoxide, methaqualone, glutethimide, methyprylon
What is the generic name for Miltown?
meprobamate
What is the generic name for Valium?
diazepam
What is the generic name for Librium?
chlordiazepoxide
What is the generic name for Quaalude?
methaqualone
What is the generic name for Doriden?
glutethimide
What is the generic name for Noludar?
methyprylon
What is the trade name for meprobamate?
Miltown
What is the trade name for diazepam?
Valium
What is the trade name for chlordiazepoxide?
Librium
What is the trade name for methaqualone?
Quaalude
What is the trade name for glutethimide?
Doriden
What is the trade name for methyprylon?
Noludar
What is the street name for Miltown?
mother's little helper
What is the street name for Valium?
candy, tranks, foofoo
What is the street name for Librium?
green and black, libs
What is the street name for Quaalude?
disco biscuits, down and dirties, ludes, joe fridays
What is the street name for Doriden?
fours and doors
what is the function of a tranquilizer/sedative?
symptomatic relief of anxiety, irritability, tension, and treatment of insomnia
What happens when tranquilizers/sedatives are abused?
CNS depressant
What are the trade names of the 4 non-barbiturates?
Noctec, Placidyl, Dilantin, Rohipnol
What are the generic names of the 4 non-barbiturates?
Chloral hydrate, ethchlorvynol, phenytoin, gamma-hydroxybutyrate
what is the generic name of Noctec?
chloral hydrate
What is the generic name of Placidyl?
ethchlorvynol
What is the generic name of Dilantin?
Phenytoin
What is the generic name of Rohipnol?
Gamma-dehydroxybutyrate
What is a common illicit use of Rhipnol?
date rape drug
What is a prescribed use for Dilantin?
Seizures
What is the trade name of chloral hydrate?
Noctec
What is the trade name of ethchlorvynol?
Placidyl
What is the trade name of Phenytoin?
Dilantin
What is the trade name of Gamma-dehydroxybutyrate?
Rohipnol
What is the street name for Placidyl?
jelly bellies
What is the street name for Dilantin?
Mistress
What is the street name for Rohipnol?
roofies, ruffles
What are analgesics used for?
To relieve pain.
What is a common analgesic drug type?
salicylic acid & Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)
What is an example of an salicylic acid for minor pains and fever?
Aspirin
What are the most common side effects of analgesics?
(1) disturbed platelet function and bleeding, (2) GI irritation, (3)Tinnitus, (4) liver damage
What are the symptoms of salicylate poisoning?
respiratory alkalosis and metabolic alkalosis.
What are the characteristics of respiratory alkalosis?
(1) Sweating, (2) vomiting, hyperventilation [↓pCO2, ↑pH]
What are the characteristics of respiratory acidosis?
Hypoventilation [↑pCO2, ↓pH]
What is a therapeutic saliculate level?
20 mg/dl
What does a salicylate level of 30mg/dL indicate?
Toxic level
What does a salicylate level of 60 mg/dL indicate?
Lethal level
What reaction is being used to measure salicylate levels?
Salicylate - Trinder
What is an example of a common nonsteroidal anti--inflammatory drug?
Acetaminophen
What is an example of a brand that uses acetaminophen?
Tylenol
What affects do NSAIDs have?
(1) Anti-inflammatory, (2) Analgesic, (3) antipyretic
What does a toxic dose result in?
Hepatotoxicity
Toxic levels of acetaminophen are measured by _______________________?
Enzyme assays
What are some forms of Opiates found in nature?
Morphine and Codeine
What's a drug made of morphine?
Opium
What is opium derived from?
Poppy seeds
What is the most common semi-systhetic opiate?
Heroin
What happens when heroin is metabolized?
It becomes morphine
How are levels of heroin measured?
Measured in the urine as morphine
What are the most common sythetic opiates?
(1) Demerol, (2) Dolophine, (3) Darvon
What's the generic name of Demerol?
Meperidine
What's the generic name of Dolophine?
Methadone
What's the generic name of Darvon?
Propoxyphene
What do opiates specifically target?
Receptors in the brain
What are the symptoms of opiates?
(1) CNS depression, (2) Respiratory depression, (3) Bradycardia, (4) Hypotension, (5) Decreased GI motility
When in history was Morphine use first documented?
Civil war
What are the street names for Morphine?
(1) Dreamer, (2) Greek God of dreams
What is Codeine used as?
(1) Analgesic, (2) Cough suppressant
What will Codeine not do and it therefore less miss-used?
Will not relieve severe pain.
Is heroin a natural / semi-sythetic / synthetic drug?
Semi-synthetic
What are the street names of heroin?
(1) Horse, (2) Junk, (3) Smack
What are the symptoms of cocaine use?
(1) CNS stimulant, (2) Euphoria
What are the street names of cocaine?
(1) Speedball, (2) Crack
What does Speedball contain?
(1) Heroine, (2) Cocaine
What is "Freebasing"?
Taking out the diluent out to increase concentration
Why is "Freebasing" dangerous?
When the diluent is removed the concentration is unknown.
What are the streetnames of Cocaine?
(1) Snow, (2) Flake, (3) Happy dust, (4) Rock, (5) Bernice, (6) Starburst, (7) C, (8) Coke
How can cocaine be taken?
By (1) snorting, (2) smoking, (3) IV
What effect does cocaine have on users that snort?
It perforates their nasal septum.
What does Demerol resemble?
Morphine
How does Demerol act on the body?
It’s a CNS depressant
What are the symptoms caused by Demerol?
Analgesic or Euphoric effects
To patients with which diagnosis is Demerol given?
Patients with kidney stones
Toxicology 46-56
Grace Soelberg
Whats another name for Dolophine?
Methadone
What is dolophine used for?
As a substitute for narcotic withdrawal
What is the problem with using dolophine?
You can get addicted to it when you are trying to get off morphine.
What is another name for Darvon?
Propoxyphene
What is Darvon used for?
Its a pink pill for severe headaches
What do the properties of Darvon resemble?
Methadone/Dolophine
What is characteristic of Tranquilizers?
They have 3 rings, and are tricyclic anti-depressants
Name 4 types of Tranquilizers.
Chlorpromazine, Elavil, Prozac, Zoloft
What's another name for Thorazine?
Phenothiazine
How do tranquilizers work?
They are a CNS depressant
What is chlorpromazine used for?
Psychiatric disorders
what are 2 types of amphetamines?
Benzendrine and Dexedrine
How do amphetamines affect you?
they are a CNS stimulant: increase heart rate, raise blood pressure, regulate mood and alertness
what else are amphetamines used for?
Appetite suppressant. They used to be a common diet pill.
what are the street names for Amphetamines?
Dexies and Bennies, roses, hearts, speed uppers footballs, copilots, white cross, black beauties
How are street names chosen?
By the appearance of the drug
Are amphetamines or methamphetamines more serious?
Methamphetamines: they are stronger
How is each drug administered?
ampthetamines: oral Methamphetamines: IV
What is ritalin used for?
treatment of ADD and sometimes to increase the appetite of the elderly
How does Ritalin work?
It inhibits the inhibitory region of CNS, It calms
what is the name of ecstasy?
3,4-methyylenedioxymethamphetamine
what form does ectasy come in?
Pill or tablet
what are the affects of ecstasy?
Increased energy, euphoria, emotional warmth. Distortion of time, perception, and tactile experiences.
what is ecstacy similar to?
Hallucinogens, like mescaline
what are types of hallucinogens?
Marijuana, LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide), PCP (phencyclidine)
what type of drug is Marijauna?
Cannabinoid: because of its chemical properties.
what properties does it have?
It is a sedative
what does Marijuana resemble?
Oregano: it is coarsely ground
how do you take marijuana?
It is usually smoked but can be eaten
what are the street names for marijuana?
Acapulco, gold, ashes, mary-jane, weed, pot, texas tea, Maui wowie
what is it called when its more concentrated?
hasish
what is the full name for LSD?
Lysergic acid diethylamide
How does LSD affect the consumer?
Changes in perception, thought, mood, and activity. visual and auditory hallucinations.
what are the street names for LSD?
acid, heavenly blue, pearly gates, royal blue, serenity, tranquility, wedding bells
when was LSD used often?
The 60's
what is a major problem with using LSD?
It causes flashbacks even when you are not on the drug and can make you do crazy things, like jump off buildings.
what is the full name for PCP?
Phencyclidine
what is PCP?
a tranquilizer, used for general anesthetics
Where is this commonly seen?
In veterinarian offices. Vets use it to put out animals
What kind of case history would have PCP?
if the patient works as a vet and has been acting funny.
What affects does PCP have?
produces disorientation and hallucinations
what are the street names for PCP?
angel dust, crystal, peace, rocket fuel
How do you ingest PCP?
Smoking or snorting
What is Gunk?
sniffing chemical vapors
What things are classified as gunk?
Anything you sniff: glue, paint, pam, aerosol sprays, nail polish remover, lighter fluid, markers.
what is a big problem with sniffing?
You can"t control how much you get and it kills a lot of brain cells. It's lethal.
About this deck
By: Kristin Detro
Textbook: Clinical Laboratory Chemistry
Created: 2011-11-03
Size: 143 flashcards
Views: 5
Textbook:
Clinical Laboratory ChemistryCreated: 2011-11-03
Size: 143 flashcards
Views: 5
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj
Naj