Week_1_Vocab

Gene: A factor that controls a trait. Allele: An alternate form of a gene. Genotype: The alleles that an individual has. Phenotype: What an individual looks like. Homozygous: Both alleles in the genotype are the same. Heterozygous: Both alleles in the genotype are different. Dominate: The allele that shows in the phenotype of the heterozygote. Recessive: The allele that does no show in a heterozygote. Mendel?s 1st Law (Segregation): a pair of factors will segregate into equal gametes. Deals with one gene. Mendel?s 2nd Law (Independent Assortment): The separation of one pair of genes into equal gametes is independent of the separation of the second pair. Deals with two genes. Outcross: A cross between two different individuals (tall short, round and wrinkled). Self cross: Allows one individual to fertilize itself. Test cross: cross of unknown genotype to homozygous recessive. Monohybrid cross: cross involving one gene. Dihybrid cross: cross involving two genes.