Human Ecology 265 > Pickett > Flashcards > AT 265 Exam 1

Kalene L.

Created: 2011-02-26
Last Modified: 2011-06-28

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Abrasion Resistance

is the ability of a fiber to withstand everyday rubbing

Luster

the way the light is reflected from the fiber or fabric surface

Resiliency

is the ability to return to original shape after bending, twisting, compressing, or a combination of these deformations.

Fibers

High length to width ratio

Natural Cellulosic Fibers

Made from Plants (Cotton and Flax), Animal hair (Wool) , and worms (Silk)

Manufactured Fibers

Made from Organic chemicals and wood pulp (Rayon. Lyocell, Bamboo, Acetate)

Synthetic Fibers

are produced from syntheic polymers made from basic raw material (Nylon, Polyester, Olefin, Acrylic, Modacrylic) (specialty fibers: elastomers, rubber, Karlar, Fiber glass, and metalic fibers)

Monofilament Yarn

A single filament large enough to be a yarn. (nylon sweing thread)

Multifilament Yarn

Made from silk/ any manufactured filament fibers (Natural Filament)

Bulked Continous Filament (BCF)

Crimping yarn that is set by heat creates a bulky yarn.

image https://s3.amazonaws.com/test.classconnection/801/flashcards/391801/jpg/spun-yarn.jpg for term side of card

is a cont. strand of staple fibers held together by a twist.

Twist

a degree of twist expressed in turns per inch

What are two types of twist?

Z and S

S twist turns what way?

counter clock wise

Z turns what way?

Clock wise

Characteristics of Spun Yarn

Yarns with a twist are fuzzy but warm with protruding fibers on the ends of the fabric surface.

Low Twist

High Twist

Crepe Twist

Strength of a Spun Yarn

Relys on the fiber type, the staple length (longer is better), yarn type (bigger is stronger), and the degree of twist (more is stronger until crepe twist)

______________ yarns has lower twists, are fuzzier, warmer, and pill more.

Carded and Woolen

________ is not worse, it's better!

Worsted

image https://s3.amazonaws.com/test.classconnection/801/flashcards/391801/jpg/woolen-yarn.jpg for term side of card

Woolen- Spun yarn

What wool has Less quality? Woolen or Worsted?

Woolen wool

Good quality especially in suits are...

Worsted wool

Carded Cotton (yarn)

is slightly irregular spun yarn with short-staple fibers and protruding riber ends.

Combed Cotton (yarn)

is a uniform spun yarn with long-staple fibers and few protruding fiber ends

Worsted Wool (yarn)

is a smooth, straight, and uniform wool or wool-like yarn that has been processed to remove short fibers and make the remaining fibers more parallel.

Woolen Wool (yarn)

is a slightly irregular bulky wool or wool-like yarn that has not been combed

Simple Yarn

Smooth, uniform diameter, same along its length

Fancy Yarn

Distinctive parts, irregular along its length

Simple, Single, Filament

Yarn made out of long filament fibers

Simple, Ply, Staple

Yarn made out of short staple fibers

image https://s3.amazonaws.com/test.classconnection/801/flashcards/391801/jpg/loop-yarn.jpg for term side of card

Fancy Loop

image https://s3.amazonaws.com/test.classconnection/801/flashcards/391801/jpg/ratine-yarn.jpg for term side of card

Fancy Ratine

Fancy Knot

Fancy Sprial

Fancy Slub

Fancy Speck

Fancy Spike

image https://s3.amazonaws.com/test.classconnection/801/flashcards/391801/jpg/chenille-yarn.jpg for term side of card

Fancy Chenille

image https://s3.amazonaws.com/test.classconnection/801/flashcards/391801/jpg/metallic-yarn.jpg for term side of card

Fancy Metallic

Indirect System

The larger the number, the smaller the yarn

Direct System

The larger the number the larger the yarn

Wickability

Ability to transport liquid along its surface; capillary action spreads and holds liquid in textile.

Sunlight Resistance

resistance to degradtion by UV light

Cotton fibers grow from....

seeds in bolls of cotton plants

Cotton under a Microscope...

irregular width and convoltions

Flax Under a microscope...

irregular widths, nodes, bamboo-like

Wool under a microscope...

irregular width and scales

Silk under a microscope...

irregular width, rod-like

Melt-Spun synthetic fibers

nylon, polyester, and olefin

Dry or Wet Spun synthetic fibers

acrylic and modacrylic

Synthetic Fibers under a microscope...

uniform width, rod-like

Wet spun in a ______ bath

Chemical

Dry spun in _____ air

Warm

Wet spun in ______ air

Cool

Tow

is a bundle of fibers

Bi-Component Types

Blending of Fibers

Manufactured Fibers under a microscope with a delusterant....

is dipped in Titainium Dioxide leading to speckles

Rayon is put in a _________ spun

Wet aka a chemical bath

Rayon under a microscope...

Uniform, rod-like with striations

Acetate is a _____ form of silk

cheap

Is Rayon Sustainable?

NO!

HWM is...

High wet modulus

Acetate under a microscope...

Uniform widths, rod-like, with striations

Rayon, Locyell and Acetate washing process requires...

Dry cleaning, but Locyell can be hand washed

When should blended fibers occur?

Once the fibers are dry

AT 265 Exam 1

Human Ecology 265 with Pickett at Kansas State University †

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