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Disease defined by airflow limitation that is…
-Progressive
-Not fully reversible
-Associated with inflammatory response to noxious agent
-May or may not have emphysema
-Varies greatly from one individual to another
Chronic cough/sputum for 3 months, 2 yrs consecutive
-Pathologically different from emphysema
-R/O other causes for chronic cou
Irreversible increase in air spaces distal to terminal bronchioles, wall destruction
-May or may not have elements of chronic bronchitis
-No Fibrosis
an anatomical description characterized by weakening and permanent enlargement of the airspaces distal to the terminal bronchioles and destruction of the alveolar walls
smoking- primary cause of cb and emphysema
Indoor/Outdoor Pollution
-Occupational
-Perinatal Lung Development
-Socioeconomic Status
-Recurrent Respiratory Illness
-Gender
-Airway Hyperreactivity/Asthma
-Diet
-Genes (α one antitrypsin def)
submucosal gland enlargement and goblet cell hyperplasia lead to overproduction of mucous
Bronchial wall edema
These 2 factors together narrow airwayand increase airway resistance
loss of elastic recoil/ loss of alveolar capillary surface area
Loss of Elastic Recoil
Loss of Cap-Alv SA
leads to increase compliance, increase airway resistance, decrease exp flow rates, hyperinflation
VQ mismatch->hypoxia->pulm vasc comstriction->pulm htn
Methylxanthines
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