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Alana T.
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Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections with MasteringBiology® (7th Editio...
What 4 features do Chordates have?
1) Dorsal
2)hollow nerve cord
3) stiff notochord
4) pharyngeal
5) muscular post anal tail
The simplest chordates are...
tunichates, lancelets
Amniotes means...
they have eggs in a fluid-filled sac
Lampreys are...
vertebrates that lack hinged jaws and paired fins
TMJ stands for
temporo mandibulara joint
Jawed vertebrates with gills and paired fins include
sharks, ray finned fishes, and lobe finned fishes
Sharks can also be called
chondrichthyans
Sharks dont have a...
swim bladder (a device inside a fish where they can put gas in it to float)
ray finned fishes have..
a skeleton reinforced with a hard matrix of calcium phosphate, they also have an operculun that moves water over they gills and a swim bladder
finned fishes have...
muscular fins supported by bones
Amphibians were the first
tetrapods
tetrapod
vertebrates with 2 pairs of limbs
reptiles
amniotes, they are tetrapods with a terrestrially adapted egg
ectothermic means:
cold blooded, absorb body heat from environment
Dinosaurs are considered reptiles that were...
endthermic (they produced their own body heat)
Birds
feathered reptiles with adaptations, endothermic
what were the early functions of feathers prior to flight usage?
courtship display
insulation of organism
other adaptations that birds have that allow flight
reduced weight, high metabolic rate, acute senses, powerful muscles, excellent circulation
Mammals are...
endothermic amniotes with hair, which insulates their bodies, and mammary glands, which produce milk
what are the three mammalian groups?
monotremes, marsupials, euthenans
Platypus and echidnas are...
monotremes and they lay eggs
Marsupial offspring complete development...
attatched to mother's nipple, usually inside a pouch
placenta
a temporary organ present only during pregnancy that is part of the fetus and part of the mother
eutherians
placental mammals, complete development before birth
ecology
the scientific study of the interactions of organisms with their environments
biosphere
total of all of Earth's ecosystems
the biosphere is a ___ system
closed (except for heat loss and sunlight)
abiotic factor
anything that affects the biosphere that isnt living
predation
biological interaction where predator feeds on prey
competition
rivalry between individuals or groups for territory or resources
5 primary biomes
aquatic, forrest, deserts, grasslands, tundra
climate
average and variations of weather in a region over a long period of time
biome
ecosystem largely determined by climate usually classified according to vegetation and characterized by organisms adapted to a particular climate
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