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· An amoeba
· is not the same as encephalitis
· Blood-brain barrier
· Associated with college age: 10% of people are healthy nasopharyngeal carriers
· Caused by N. meningidis
o Gram-negative, aerobic cocci with a capsule
· Begins as throat infection, rash
· A lot of people are infected/carriers
· Vaccination required/recommended
· Stress, fomites, sharing drinks, kissing – can spread it and cause more carriers
· Caused by Listeria monocytogenes
· Usually foodborne: unpasteurized dairy products
· Can cause transplacental infections
· Severe birth defects – still birth
· Brain infections
· Responsible for some of the largest food recall
· Psychrotroph
o Can grow in fridge
· Anaerobic! Grows in deep warm dark places without oxygen
· Puncture wounds- grows in deep wounds
· tetanospasmin
· Clostridium have endospores [and so does bacillus (anthrax and anaerobic)]
· Hard to kill
· Lock jaw
spastic paralysis
· Neurotoxin
· Botulinal toxin blocks release of neurotransmitter, causing Flaccid paralysis (limp)
· Has the greatest toxicity – the lowest LD50; worst food poisining
· Caused by clostridium botulinum
canned goods
· food poisoning, found in honey (neurotoxin)
· Botulism = Don’t give honey to infants – big kids have well established gut florae
· Also called Hansen’s disease
· Caused by mycobacterium lepra
· Grows in peripheral nerves and skin cells
· Chief virulence factor: Acid-fast, waxy wall, mycolic acid
· Armadillo’s have lepra endemically
Carville, LA
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