Midterm 2 Review 2

UN Security Council One of the principal organs of the United Nations charged with the maintenance of international peace and security. Its powers, outlined in the United Nations Charter, include the establishment of peacekeeping operations, the establishment of international sanctions, and the authorization of military action. Its powers are exercised through United Nations Security Council Resolutions. United Nations An international organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights and achieving world peace. The UN was founded in 1945 after World War II to replace the League of Nations, to stop wars between countries and to provide a platform for dialogue. Weapons of the weak An idea by Pape. Terrorism is considered a weapon of the weak because weak states have no other means of wielding political force and do not have the ability to carry out a legitimate war. Terrorism is not costly, does not require much technology, and does not cost as many lives as legitimate war. Civilizations: Sinic Confucian values. China, SE Asia, Taiwan Hindu Defined mostly be religion and way of life. India, Nepal, Sri Lanka Orthodox Centered in Russia but also parts of E. Europe Japanese A civilization limited to one country (not for export) Western Western Europe, NA (not Mexico though), British, Australia, New Zealand Islamic Most of the ME and subcontinent of Asia Latin America Separate from Western. Spanish and Portuguese influences. Assimilates Indians. Fault line wars The civilization paradigm predicts that more wars occur between civilizations than within them. Civilizations don’t fit perfectly with nation-states so the focus can’t be just on interstate wars. Intracivilizational wars and intercivilizational wars Intracivilizational wars are within a civilizational group that is a larger form of identity under humanity. Intercivilizational wars are across civilizations. Huntington makes the prediction that war is usually inter not intra. The west against the rest A civilizational idea that was a result of WW2. It is included in Huntington’s argument that civilizations have emerged and the West is its own civilization and the rest are fighting against it. Big Mac v. Magna Carta The Big Mac is Americanization v. the democratic ideas and freedoms inscribed by the Magna Carta. Huntington claimes that “the rest” associates the west more with the Big Mac than with the Magna Carta. Islamic states and Islamic societies Islamic states are states run on Islamic principles often by clerics. E.g. Saudi Arabia. Islamic societies are large Islam populations that are not governed by Islamic principles. E.g. Indonesia. This is part of Huntington’s theory that Islam is rising demographically which might lead to conflict.